سوالات آزمونهای اخیر تافل

سوالات رایتینگ و اسپیکینگ مستقل (Independent Writing and Speaking) و سوالات لغت ریدینگ (Reading Vocabulary) و موضوعات ریدینگهای تستهای اخیر تافل (تستهای برگزار شده از سال ۲۰۱۷ به بعد) در این مطلب موجود است.

توجه داشته باشید که هر هفته چند آزمون در کشور ها و مراکز مختلف برگزار می شود و احتمال آن وجود دارد که این سوالات در ماه های آینده نیز تکرار شوند. به علت برگزاری چند آزمون تافل در یک هفته، امکان دارد تعدادی از داوطلبان با سوالاتی متفاوت در آزمون خود مواجه شده باشند.

⬇️ دانلود کنید: آخرین ورژن نرم افزار TPO برای کامپیوتر، موبایل و تبلت

Date:	July 14, 2018
Writing Task 2	Imagine that you are planning to take a vacation and are trying to decide between two places to visit. Which of these two options do you believe would give you better information about making your choice? Why? ۱٫ Reading about the places online ۲٫ Discussing them with someone you know who has visited both places
Speaking Task 1	Many parents give their children money when they get good grades in school. Talk about the advantages and/or disadvantages of this practice. Use details and examples in your response.
Speaking Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People are never too old to get a university degree. Use speciﬁc reasons and examples in your response.
Reading Vocabulary
Reading Topics

Date:	June 30, 2018 – July 1, 2018 – July 7, 2018 – July 8, 2018
Writing Task 2	۱- Which one do you prefer? Why? – a company offering you a job with challenging and interesting projects but less vacation days or – another company offering you a job that is not so challenging and interesting but has more vacation days.۲- Do you agree or disagree？ It is better to relax by watching a movie or reading a book than doing physical exercise. Explain your answer with examples and specific reasons.۳- Some people think the media including newspapers, televisions, radio and internet sources are less concerned about the accuracy of news. They think the information from the media is becoming incorrect. Do you agree with this opinion or not and explain why？ Include examples and specific reasons. ۴- Some people prefer to focus on ambitious dreams while others think realistic goals are more important. Which do you prefer and why?
Speaking Task 1	۱- What is the common mistake parents make when they are educating their children? ۲- If a children museum is going to have an exhibition, which of the following themes will be the most attractive to children? – robot technology – deep sea marine life – solar system ۳- The school decided to cancel the long summer vacation. So students have to attend school all the year with some short breaks during holidays. Do you agree or disagree with this change? Please explain the reasons.
Speaking Task 2	۱- If the government has a large sum of money, which area would you suggest the government invest in? – space exploration, – Education, – Health care.۲- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents should discourage children from joining some competitive activities, like sports or entertainment.۳- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? We should be completely honest with friends.۴- Are the best decisions made by groups or by individuals? Please give your explanations and examples.
Reading Vocabulary	۱, coat in: cover ۲, revive: renew ۳, agitated: nervous: stressed: confused ۴, Essential to: necessary to ۵, Tremendous: huge ۶٫ scarcity: shortage ۷٫ initiate: begin ۸٫ akin to: similar with ۹٫ sparse: thinly distributed ۱۰٫ adverse: negative ۱۱٫ depletion: reduction ۱۲, inevitably: unavoidably ۱۳, idle=unused	۱۴, admiration for: high opinion of ۱۵, perceived: seen ۱۶٫ fragile: delicate ۱۷٫ hierarchy: ranking: grading ۱۸٫ rudimentary: basic ۱۹٫ install: put in place ۲۰٫ Potentially: possibly ۲۱٫ Harsh: severe ۲۲٫ validity: rationality ۲۳٫ merit: advantage ۲۴٫ perspective: viewpoint ۲۵٫ wipe out: kill off ۲۶٫ pave the way for: make it possible
Reading Topics	۱, Balinese Rice Farming ۲, Lamarckism and Epigenetics ۳, Germans’ Railway ۴٫ Life in the Desert ۵٫ Biomass Energy ۶٫ Naturalism and Nature in Art ۷٫ Changes in the Early Modern European States ۸٫ Parental Care for Frogs ۹٫ The European Towns ۱۰٫ The Alaska Bark Beetle

Date:	June 23, 2018
Writing Task 2	In order to stay healthy, many people choose to exercise. Some people tend to exercise individually such as running and riding bicycles, etc. Some people tend to participate in group exercises such as team sports. Which one do you prefer and why?
Speaking Task 1	A friend is ready to raise a pet. What advice would you like to give him?
Speaking Task 2	With the new technologies, we now have electronic books and internet. Some people think that someday libraries will totally disappear. What is your opinion?
Reading Vocabulary	۱, Abruptly: suddenly ۲, Disruptively: disorderly ۳, Intensify: strengthen ۴, Retain: keep ۵, Sheltering: protecting	۶, Massively: enormously ۷, Found: establish ۸, Elaborate: complex ۹, Considerable: large
Reading Topics	۱, ۱۶th Century European Population and Economy ۲, – ۳, Reduction of Roman Values

Date:	June 2, 2018
Writing Task 2	For schools, assessing teachers’ teaching efficiency is a very important issue. But is it better for other teachers to assess or let students assess teachers?
Speaking Task 1	The university decides to only release online version of textbooks. Discuss disadvantages and advantages of this change.
Speaking Task 2	Some professors prefer to answer students’ questions at the end of the lecture, and others stop at different points to answer students’ questions. Which style do you think is better for learning?
Reading Vocabulary	۱, Sufficiently : adequately ۲, Common: widespread ۳, Sustain: support ۴, Divert: redirect ۵, Stringent: strict ۶, Alter: change	۷, Inaugurating: starting ۸, Persistently: for a long time ۹, Diverse: a variety of ۱۰, Impressive: remarkable ۱۱, Hasten: speed up ۱۲, Integrate: combine
Reading Topics	۱, Groundwater depletion ۲, Greek City States: Spartans and Athenians ۳, Tool Use in Monkeys ۴, United States Interstate Highway Systems

Date:	May 26, 2018
Writing Task 2	At work or school, you might encounter a problem that requires creativity – for example, you are given a task to complete that is very different from other tasks you do. In work or school situation that requires you to think creatively, would you prefer to work alone or with others? Why?
Speaking Task 1	One of your friends decided to study more courses in order to graduate one year earlier. Do you agree or disagree?
Speaking Task 2	Your university decided to allow local communities to attend the classes on campus; they could enter into the class but can’t ask questions and don’t have assignments. Do you agree or disagree?
Reading Vocabulary
Reading Topics

Date:	May 6, 2018
Writing Task 2	At some schools , some lessons for young students (ages5-8) include video games as a way to increase the students‘ interest in learning. Some people believe this a very effective way for young students to learn; others believe it is too distracting and wastes time. Which view do you agree with and why? Give reasons and specific examples to support your answer.
Speaking Task 1	Your university is inviting student volunteers to participate in a campus beautification day. Which of the following activities would you be most interested in signing up for? ۱, Planting campus flower gardens ۲, Picking up garbage and collecting recyclable materials on campus ۳, Painting murals and creating other outside art Choose ONE and explain why you would find it the most interesting to do. Use specific examples and details.
Speaking Task 2	Important business meetings should always be held in person, rather than through technology such as videoconference calls. Use details and examples to explain your opinion.
Reading Vocabulary
Reading Topics	۱, Did an Impact Cause the Dinosaur Extinctions? ۲, The Global Industrial Revolution ۳, Distribution of seaweeds

Date:	April 21, 2018
Writing Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is difficult for teachers to be both popular (liked by students) and effective in helping students in learning. Give reasons and specific examples to support your answer.
Speaking Task 1	Your friend went straight to work after high school and skipped university. But now ten years later, he decides to go to university. Please talk about at least one challenge he will face when he goes to university at an elder age.
Speaking Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It’s never acceptable to interrupt other people when they are talking.
Reading Vocabulary
Reading Topics

Date:	April 15, 2018
Writing Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Playing sports can teach people lessons about life. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
Speaking Task 1	Nowadays universities usually hold exams in the class, but recently some universities allow students to take exams at home. Talk about advantages or disadvantages of this. Give specific reasons to support your answer.
Speaking Task 2	Some people prefer talking about their opinion immediately when they hear a topic, while others prefer to wait and listen to others before they talk about their own opinion. Which one do you prefer and why?
Reading Vocabulary
Reading Topics

Date:	April 8, 2018
Writing Task 2	Some people believe that parents should pay their children a small amount of money to do jobs around the home (such as washing the dishes or taking out the garbage), while other people believe that parents should not pay their children to do these tasks. Which view do you agree with, and why?
Speaking Task 1	To reduce air pollution from automobiles, officials in your community are considering a proposal to provide free public transportation within the city. Talk about the advantages and disadvantages of this proposal. Use details and examples in your explanation
Speaking Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People are more interested in reading negative news stories than positive ones. Explain why. Use specific examples and details in your response.
Reading Vocabulary
Reading Topics

Date:	March 31, 2018
Writing Task 2	People in communities can make decisions that protect and improve the natural environment. Which one of the following three actions is most useful for people to do if they want to help the environment in their local community? Explain why? ۱٫ Plant trees and create parks ۲٫ Persuade local shops to stop providing plastic bags to customers ۳٫ Increase access to public transportation (for example, buses or trains) to reduce the number of automobiles on local roads Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
Speaking Task 1	Talk about an advantage and a disadvantage of studying in a university that is located in a small town or the countryside.
Speaking Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Children should gain access to computers and other electronic devices as early as possible.
Reading Vocabulary
Reading Topics

Date:	March 24, 2018
Writing Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People should take time to relax with hobbies or physical activities that are very different from what they do at work.
Speaking Task 1	Things keep changing. Describe one thing you think you would never do ten years ago.
Speaking Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Children should listen or read news at an early age.
Reading Vocabulary
Reading Topics

Date:	March 11, 2018
Writing Task 2	Do you agree or disagree? People meet many problems in their daily life and they can solve them by themselves or with the help of their families, so the help from the government is not necessary.
Speaking Task 1	What do you think about the benefits of smartphones for students? Here are three benefits of smartphones to students; which do you think is good to students? ۱٫ Taking photos ۲٫ listen to music ۳٫ recording courses
Speaking Task 2	Some parents think they should protect students from making mistakes. Some think they should let them make mistakes. What do you think？
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ suspect: suppose ۲٫ Function: purpose ۳٫ progressively: increasingly ۴٫ Subsequent: later ۵٫ vigorously: energetically ۶٫ founding: establishment ۷٫ Essential to: necessary for	۸٫ mature: fully developed ۹٫ Dwellings: homes ۱۰٫ undoubtedly: certainly ۱۱٫ accomplished: achieved ۱۲٫ intermediate: in-between ۱۳٫ Reinforce: strengthen
Reading Topics	۱٫ Honeybee communication ۲٫ German Industrialization in 19th Century ۳٫ The Origin of Food Production

Date:	March 10, 2018
Writing Task 2
Speaking Task 1	Your foreign friend is considering coming to your country to visit, but he/she doesn’t know how to plan the trip. What suggestions do you give him/her?
Speaking Task 2	A big corporation is planning to invest in a factory in your hometown. This factory will create many job opportunities for people, but also will bring a lot of pollution at the same time. Do you agree or disagree?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ Most compelling: strongest ۲٫ Terminate: stop ۳٫ Adjoining: bordering: neighboring ۴٫ Viable: feasible ۵٫ deteriorating: worsening	۶٫ Thoroughly: carefully ۷٫ Constrain: force ۸٫ Contemporary: modern, concurrent ۹٫ Extract: take out ۱۰٫ Fine-tune:adjust
Reading Topics	۱٫ Continental Drift ۲٫ Construction of Ancient Egyptian Pyramids ۳٫ Spontaneous Generation

Date:	March 3, 2018
Writing Task 2	Do you prefer to take a course taught by a professor with whom you have not had classes before or a course taught by a professor whose class you have taken before? Give specific examples and details to support your answer.
Speaking Task 1	Your school is planning to add some information on the school news board. Which one would you choose: – travel – reviews of restaurants nearby – films State your opinion and explain why.
Speaking Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Schools should be responsible for teaching students moral values. State your opinion and explain why.
Reading Vocabulary
Reading Topics

Date:	January 13, 2018
Writing Task 2	Which of the following do you think is the most important factor for a student to succeed at college or university? ۱٫ Tutors in the university ۲٫ The encouragement from family and friends ۳٫ High-quality education from high school
Speaking Task 1	What do you think can improve your local community and make it a better place to live?
Speaking Task 2	Some people like to make decisions based on their own experience while other people prefer to ask others for help such as family and friends. Which do you prefer and why?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ Laboriously: making much effort ۲٫ Distinguish: separate ۳٫ Resemble: be similar to ۴٫ Vulnerable: susceptible: weak	۵٫ Dense: closely placed ۶٫ Abrupt: sudden ۷٫ Core: center ۸٫ Presumed: assumed
Reading Topics	۱٫ Rice Farming ۲٫ Zebra Strips ۳٫ Collapse of the city Coban

Date:	January 8, 2018
Writing Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It’s a waste of money for the government to fund space travel or space exploration. Give specific examples and details to support your answer.
Speaking Task 1	Teacher assignments now tend to include group assignments rather than individual assignments. Talk about one of the advantages and disadvantages of group assignments.
Speaking Task 2	When you and your friends and family have disagreements over some of the controversial issues, do you want to convince them or do you agree with their opinion?
Reading Vocabulary
Reading Topics

Date:	January 1, 2018
Writing Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important to read or watch the news presented by people whose views are similar to your own than by people whose views are different from yours.
Speaking Task 1	Which of the following is the most effective way to encourage company’s employees to contribute to the communities? A. allow some time off to tutor or clean parks B. financially reward the employees C. post volunteer activities on the company’s website
Speaking Task 2	Do you think it is important for people to learn about local history?
Reading Vocabulary
Reading Topics

Date:	December 17, 2017
Writing Task 2	If you want to recommend a way to reduce living expenses for your friend, which of the following will you choose? Why? ۱٫ Find a roommate to share a room ۲٫ Do not buy the latest mobile phone, Buy new technological devices less frequently ۳٫ Buy cheap foods and cook home (do not often eat outside)
Speaking Task 1	Some professors prefer to give regular quizzes. Some prefer to give surprising quizzes. Please talk about the advantages and/or disadvantages of surprising quizzes.
Speaking Task 2	Some people prefer to stay in touch with their friends and family members while traveling. Others prefer not to get in touch and stay alone. Which do you prefer and why?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ in response to: as a result of ۲٫ depositing: putting ۳٫ sculpt: shape ۴٫ drastic: very significant ۵٫ ultimately: eventually ۶٫ Virtually: nearly/ almost	۷٫ Suspended: floating (in liquid) ۸٫ Replenish: restore ۹٫ Dramatic: striking ۱۰٫ Immense: huge ۱۱٫ extend: expand
Reading Topics	۱٫ Glacier Effect ۲٫ Thermal Stratification

Date:	December 16, 2017
Writing Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The most important way to improve people’s health is to clean the environment.
Speaking Task 1	If you have the opportunity to do something for a good cause, which of the following would you choose? ۱٫ distributing meals to needy people ۲٫ helping build a playground for children ۳٫ visiting people in hospitals
Speaking Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Schools shouldn’t allow young students to use calculators during exams.
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ longevity: long life ۲٫ decaying: rotting ۳٫ inhospitable: hostile ۴٫ discard: abandon ۵٫ distinctive: easy to recognize	۶٫ sufficient: adequate ۷٫ impressive: striking ۸٫ sought: looked for ۹٫ confirming: proving ۱۰٫ be incorporated into: become part of
Reading Topics	۱٫ How Pine Trees Survive ۲٫ Easter Island Statues ۳٫ Life’s Origin

Date:	December 10, 2017
Writing Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Students do not respect teachers as much as they did in the past.
Speaking Task 1	What kind of knowledge background do you think the future government leaders should have? ۱٫ Military background ۲٫ Business background ۳٫ Legal background
Speaking Task 2	Nowadays it is harder to save money than it used to be.

Date:	December 9, 2017
Writing Task 2	Which one do you think is the most important for high school teacher (age from 15 to 18)? ۱٫ the ability to give students advice to plan for their future ۲٫ the ability to find which students need help and provide them with help ۳٫ the ability to encourage students to learn on themselves outside of the classroom
Speaking Task 1	If there is a foreign teacher who comes to your country to teach high school students, what suggestion will you give him for preparation?
Speaking Task 2	Some people like to use smartphones or other navigational devices to find roads while traveling. Some prefer to ask around. Which one do you like to do? Why?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ Vacate: empty ۲٫ Exclusively: only ۳٫ Speculate: think about ۴٫ Manipulate: control ۵٫ Distinct: clear ۶٫ Mutual: shared	۷٫ Excessive: too much ۸٫ widespread: common ۹٫ withstand: resist ۱۰٫ prominent: noticeable ۱۱٫ vigorous: energetic
Reading Topics	۱٫ Flightless birds ۲٫ The Agriculture of Northern Europeans ۳٫ The chemical and biological weathering ۴٫ Crop Rotation

Date:	December 2, 2017
Writing Task 2	If there’s a way to improve yourself, which one among the three choices you would take? ۱٫ take more exercise ۲٫ eat healthy food ۳٫ reduce the amount of stress
Speaking Task 1	If your friend takes a job working late in the night to earn money for a summer trip to Spain, but he goes to bed late and cannot concentrate on the class next day, what advice would you give him?
Speaking Task 2	Which one would you prefer? Go to a college in your hometown or go to a university in a new town?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ faithfully= accurately ۲٫ admiration =in high opinion ۳٫ appealing=attractive ۴٫ rugged= rough ۵٫ repetitive =done many times ۶٫ critical =essential ۷٫ tactic = strategy ۸٫ intermediate= in the middle stage	۹٫ Nonetheless =however ۱۰٫ intense= extreme ۱۱٫ scenario= a version of events ۱۲٫ Supplant =replace ۱۳٫ Concerns =worries ۱۴٫ restore= put back ۱۵٫ broaden = extend
Reading Topics	۱٫ Naturalism and Nature in Art ۲٫ The Origin of Flight ۳٫ Hermit Crab in Snail Shell ۴٫ Crop Rotation

Date:	November 26, 2017
Writing Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In the past people ate food that was better for their health than they do today. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
Speaking Task 1	There are several ways you can get to know a country without travelling abroad. Which of the following ways would you like to choose? Choose one and explain why. -Reading books -Watching videos -Joining online communication groups
Speaking Task 2	Do you think it is reasonable to give a lower grade to an assignment that is handed in after the deadline?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ catastrophe: disaster ۲٫ distinctive: different ۳٫ retained: kept ۴٫ gradual: slow ۵٫ pursue: chase	۶٫ contend: compete ۷٫ acquire: obtain ۸٫ merely: only ۹٫ explicit: clear ۱۰٫ replicate: copy
Reading Topics	۱٫ K-T collision ۲٫ Why do Male Frogs Croak? ۳٫ Children’s Play ۴٫ Species Explosion

Date:	November 25, 2017
Writing Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The more money people have, the more they should give away to charity.
Speaking Task 1	Which of the following best describes a quality that a parent or another family member helped you develop? – self confidence – kindness – patience Choose one of the above qualities and explain how the parent or another family member helped you to develop that quality.
Speaking Task 2	Do you agree or disagree that the determining factor for the success of students in school is intelligence?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ Inevitably: unavoidably ۲٫ Halt: stop ۳٫ typical: normal ۴٫ continually: all the time ۵٫ periodic: intermittent	۶٫ markedly: evidently ۷٫ be accompanied with: occur together ۸٫ Profound: deep ۹٫ Adverse: unfavorable ۱۰٫ Implement: carry out
Reading Topics	۱٫ Dam and Flood control ۲٫ Moonquakes ۳٫ Explaining the Collapse of Early Bronze Age

Date:	November 12, 2017
Writing Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Older teenagers (16-19) should be allowed to work at paid part-time jobs.
Speaking Task 1	Final is coming, and your friend often oversleeps and misses the class. Will you help your friend to study while you also have a lot of exams?
Speaking Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Good teachers admit they make mistakes or don’t know something.

Date:	November 11, 2017
Writing Task 2	Parents give their children weekly money to buy whatever they want. Some people think this can cause bad habits and ideas about money in children. Others think the opposite. What’s your opinion?
Speaking Task 1	Your local community center wants to add some new workshops or programs for children. Which of the following do you think would be most beneficial for children’s development? A. Art craft workshop B. Technology workshop C. Athletic programs
Speaking Task 2	Some managers tend to check workers’ tasks closely or frequently, while others tend to check them rarely or casually. Which is better for the management ?

Date:	November 4, 2017
Writing Task 2	Some high school teachers (teachers of students ages 14-18) spend most of class time lecturing (speaking) while the students listen and take notes. Other high school teachers spend most of class time on discussion and projects that students are highly involved in and exchange their ideas. Which of these two approaches do you think is more effective for students’ learning and why？
Speaking Task 1	Children would behave negatively before they learn how to behave appropriately. Which of the following behavior would you consider to be the most negative behavior of child and why? ۱٫ Being selfish ۲٫ Being impolite ۳٫ Being loud
Speaking Task 2	When giving feedbacks to students, some teachers would like to talk to their students in person, while some teachers would give written comments to students. Which do you prefer and why?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ monumental: enormous ۲٫ manipulated: skillfully used ۳٫ pursue: practice ۴٫ subsistence: survival ۵٫ severity: harshness ۶٫ congregate: gather	۷٫ consequently: as a result ۸٫ Comprise: consist of ۹٫ revealed: showed ۱۰٫ consistent: the same ۱۱٫ conceal: hide
Reading Topics	۱٫ The Origin of Plants and Animal Domestication ۲٫ The Role of Diapause ۳٫ Explaining Declination in Migratory Birds Populations

Date:	October 29, 2017
Writing Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Universities should require every graduating students to take public speaking courses. Give specific examples and details to support your answer.
Speaking Task 1	Our city plans to build a new museum to attract more visitors, what kind of museum do you suggest? ۱٫ local museum ۲٫ modern art and film museum ۳٫ children science museum
Speaking Task 2	Some people prefer to resolve problems with friends directly face to face or on the phone. Some others prefer to resolve problems by writing, sending E-mail or text message. Which one do you prefer? Why?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ concept: idea ۲٫ sufficient: enough ۳٫ proximate: close: near(adjective) ۴٫ correlated: associated ۵٫ sustain: support ۶٫ jeopardize: endanger	۷٫ excessively: extremely ۸٫ optimum: ideal ۹٫ put up with: tolerate ۱۰٫ apparent: seeming ۱۱٫ delicate: carefully protected
Reading Topics	۱٫ Two Forces of Urban Growth ۲٫ Megafauna Extinction ۳٫ Turtle Basking

Date:	October 28, 2017
Writing Task 2	Many filmmakers make movies based on books. When a movie is produced based on books, some people prefer to read books before watching films, other people choose to watch the movie first. Which one do you think is better? Why?
Speaking Task 1	If a mayor is to be selected from the following candidates, who all have no political experience but are successful in their own field, which one do you think is the best candidate for mayor? ۱٫ A university professor ۲٫ A businessman ۳٫ A doctor
Speaking Task 2	Do you think it’s necessary for children’s growth to live far away from home and stay with relatives or friends for short periods of time?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ eliminates: removes ۲٫ relatively: comparatively ۳٫ inadvertently: unintentionally ۴٫ self-sufficiency: independence ۵٫ constant: regularly occurring ۶٫ employed: used	۷٫ retained: kept ۸٫ sophisticated: complicated ۹٫ surge: sudden growth ۱۰٫ proportion: amount ۱۱٫ sustain: support
Reading Topics	۱٫ Dutch Painting ۲٫ Determination of Plant Diversity in a Particular Place ۳٫ Inca Highlands Adaptation

Date:	October 15, 2017
Writing Task 2	Some adults believe that nowadays children’s behavior is worse than children’s behavior was in the past. These adults have suggested three actions that parents can do to help children ages 5-10 behave better ( for example by speaking more respectfully to adults or acting more kindly toward others). Which one action that parents can do might have the most positive effect on their children’s behavior? Why? – limiting the types of television programs and movies their children can watch. – spending more time talking with their children. – supervising or monitoring more closely what their children do when they play with their friends.
Speaking Task 1	Talk about an occasion when people give one another gifts in your country. Describe the occasion and the types of gifts people usually give.
Speaking Task 2	Children learning to play musical instruments often want to stop taking music lessons because they don’t like practice. Some people think that children should be made to continue taking lessons. Others think that children should decide for themselves whether or not to continue. Which view do you agree with? Explain why.
Reading Vocabulary
Reading Topics

Date:	October 14, 2017
Writing Task 2	Some people think that success is most important in their life. Others think that it’s more important to be happy when they fail. Which idea do you agree with and why?
Speaking Task 1	Children need to learn to cooperate and get along with others when they grow up. Please give examples of how adults can help them acquire those skills.
Speaking Task 2	Should government limit violence and bad language on television?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ routine: common ۲٫ sufficiently: enough ۳٫ Inhabitant: resident ۴٫ albeit: though	۵٫ soar: increase ۶٫ improbable: unlikely ۷٫ approaching: nearing ۸٫ demand: require
Reading Topics	۱٫ Understanding Insects Through Fossils ۲٫ Industry and Changes of England Landscape ۳٫ Ice Age Trigger

Date:	September 30, 2017
Writing Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Companies should pay for employees to get a university degree.
Speaking Task 1	Parents should teach their kids to learn how to manage money. What do you think is the most important thing for doing so? Explain why.
Speaking Task 2	Participating in team sports is a good way for young person to learn about team cooperation. Do you agree or disagree?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ Prelude to: introductory step to ۲٫ facets: forms/ aspects ۳٫ impressive: remarkable ۴٫ elaborate: complex ۵٫ Exploit: use ۶٫ Plausible: reasonable ۷٫ Sufficient: adequate ۸٫ exceed: be greater than	۹٫ Ingenious: clever ۱۰٫ feat: achievement ۱۱٫ bizarre: strange ۱۲٫ unpredictable: uncertain ۱۳٫estimated: calculated approximately ۱۴٫ apparent: seeming ۱۵٫submerged: put under water
Reading Topics	۱٫ Questioning the Prehistoric Agricultural Revolution ۲٫ The origin of Hydrocarbons ۳٫ The Northern Long-necked Turtle

Date:	September 24, 2017
Writing Task 2	A high school that normally gives students about two months of time off from school during the summer is introducing a new educational requirement for students in eleventh grade (ages 16-17) over the summer, students have the following two options to fulfill the new requirement. – They can attend classes each day for several weeks to complete a university level course on a subject that they are considering selecting as their major field of study at university. – They can spend several weeks traveling to museums and historic places in their area with a group of students guided by a teacher and then write a paper of their experience. Which one of these options do you think would be most beneficial for students and why?
Speaking Task 1	Your friend has difficulty remembering certain kinds of information. He sometimes forgets people’s names and he recently forgot to submit a class assignment on time. What advice would you give to your friend to help him remember these kinds of important information?
Speaking Task 2	Your city is considering a law to make people pay the fine if they use their cell phones at the same time they are walking across street intersections. Do you think this is a good idea? Explain why?
Reading Vocabulary
Reading Topics

Date:	September 16, 2017
Writing Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Children rely too much on the technology, like computers, smart phones, video games for fun and entertainment. Playing simpler toys or playing outside with friends would be better for children’ s development.
Speaking Task 1	If the government wants to invest in the following three areas, what do you think is the most worthwhile? ۱٫ land exploration ۲٫ education ۳٫ health care
Speaking Task 2	Some people think with the development of technology and Internet， libraries will disappear while others think libraries are always necessary. Which idea do you agree with, and please give specific details to support your opinion.
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ predominantly: mainly ۲٫ Augment: supplement ۳٫ account for: explain ۴٫ vast: extensive ۵: drawbacks: disadvantages ۶: sequentially: one after another	۷٫ just: fair ۸٫ shifting: changing ۹٫ inhospitable: unfavorable ۱۰٫ subsequent: following ۱۱٫ overestimate: overvalue
Reading Topics	۱٫ The Formation of Earth Atmosphere ۲٫ Documenting the Incas ۳٫ The Most Common Bird

Date:	September 9, 2017
Writing Task 2	Your friend has the opportunity to choose either one of two types of majors (fields of study), which one of the following two majors do you think is a better choice, and why? – A major that would allow him to finish years of study and get a degree sooner (so that he would begin to work full-time quickly). Or – A major that requires many years of study that would provide him with more employment opportunities and offers in the future. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Be sure to use your own words. Do not memorize some certain examples.
Speaking Task 1	If universities are given financial support to develop researches, which one do you think would receive more benefits? ۱٫ To predict weather more accurately ۲٫ To clean rivers and ocean. ۳٫ To deal with outer space
Speaking Task 2	Some people like participating in performance like theatrical or musical show. Others prefer to be in audience watching those plays. Which one do you prefer?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ identical: the same ۲٫ sophisticated: complex ۳٫ inconspicuous: not easily noticed ۴٫ plentiful = numerous ۵٫ emergence = rise ۶٫ routinely = regularly	۷٫ distinctive= distinguishing ۸٫ vicinity = proximity ۹٫ contribute to = add to ۱۰٫ exhaust= use up ۱۱٫ on balance= overall
Reading Topics	۱٫ Geckos ۲٫ Photography and pictorial Weeklies ۳٫ Bird colonies

Date:	August 27, 2017
Writing Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Sometimes people think nowadays the media (TV, newspaper, Internet) are less concerned about the accuracy of news than in the past, and the incorrect information may cause more problem to the public.
Speaking Task 1	Your university has acquired a piece of land next to the campus. There have been three options for the use of the land. Which do you prefer? why? ۱٫ Athletic facilities and stadiums ۲٫ A park with nature trails ۳٫ centers for students and hotel for campus guests
Speaking Task 2	Some universities expect students to choose a major field of study when they enter the school; while other universities wait until the second or the third year before students decide to choose a field of study. Which do you prefer? Why?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ Ongoing: continuing ۲٫ Correspond to: match ۳٫ Complexity: difficulty ۴٫ Surplus: excess	۵٫ Simultaneously: concurrently ۶٫ Magnitude: greatness ۷٫ Trigger: cause
Reading Topics	۱٫ The Cambrian Explosion ۲٫ The population and economy in the 16th-century Europe ۳٫ The methane and the PETM

Date:	July 8, 2017
Writing Task 2	Some people think that we should keep away from others to improve our relationship, because being away from people reminds us of how important they are. Others think we should always stay with others to have good relationship because we can communicate with them more often. What do you think?
Speaking Task 1	Among the following jobs, which do you think is most interesting one and why? ۱٫ airplane pilot ۲٫ actor ۳٫ detective.
Speaking Task 2	Female and male university students should have separate residence halls. Do you agree or disagree?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ rudimentary: elementary ۲٫ akin to: similar to ۳٫ occasionally: sometimes ۴٫ ingenuity: inventiveness ۵٫ undesirable: unsatisfactory ۶٫ explicitly: clearly ۷٫ collectively: together ۸٫ compensate: make up for	۹٫ anticipating: expecting ۱۰٫ aim: goal ۱۱٫ embrace: accept ۱۲٫ fragment: pieces ۱۳٫ massively: substantially ۱۴٫ founding: building ۱۵٫ pragmatic: practical
Reading Topics	۱٫ Cave and rock art ۲٫ Species Richness and Community Stability ۳٫ Chaos Theory and Forecasting Weather ۴٫ Adopting Roman Culture

Date:	July 2, 2017
Writing Task 2	A city wants to help teachers of its high school students (ages14-18) improve their teaching. It is considering two plans: ۱٫ Choose a small group of excellent teachers; these teachers will attend a class led by an expert for additional training in how to teach effectively, and they will then come back to their schools and provide that training for other teachers in school. ۲٫ Provide additional training in teaching effectively for high school teachers, using online material that each teacher will study individually.
Speaking Task 1	Which of the following creative activities do you like to get involved in? ۱٫ Pottery making ۲٫ writing ۳٫ Art creation Choose one and explain why.
Speaking Task 2	Some people believe that we should not discuss the private activities of the popular people, like movie stars and singers. Do you agree? Why?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫rudimentary: primitive ۲٫conceal: hide ۳٫surplus: excess ۴٫ diminish: decrease	۵٫ succeeding: following ۶٫ hence: thus ۷٫ consistent: steady ۸٫ diminish: decrease
Reading Topics	۱٫ Life on Mars ۲٫ The advent of Agriculture ۳٫ The decline of the birds’ migration in America ۴٫ Origins of Industrial Revolution

Date:	June 10, 2017
Writing Task 2	Some people like to buy and eat their meals at restaurants frequently while others like to do this at home. Which do you prefer? Why?
Speaking Task 1	Your degree requires you to take one course, which one would you choose? ۱٫ Energy and environment ۲٫ Health and nutrition ۳٫ Solar system
Speaking Task 2	Some people prefer to give their opinions immediately. Others prefer to wait and listen to others’ opinions before giving their own. Which one do you think is better?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ Manageable: easy to handle ۲٫ Unambiguous: clear ۳٫ Concede: admit unwillingly ۴٫ Reconcile: bring together ۵٫ Striking: dramatic ۶٫ Perplexing: puzzling ۷٫ Prevailing: dominant ۸٫ Typified: characterized	۹٫ Preponderance: majority ۱۰٫ Isolated: separated ۱۱٫ Harness: utilize ۱۲٫ Vicinity: neighborhood ۱۳٫ Inanimate: lifeless ۱۴٫ Altered: changed ۱۵٫ Radically: extremely ۱۶٫ Distribution: delivery
Reading Topics	۱٫ Conceptual Models ۲٫ Eocene Warming ۳٫ Where life arouse ۴٫ Origins of Industrial Revolution

Date:	June 3, 2017
Writing Task 2	Do you agree that people easily learn from the friends beside them? Use specific examples and evidences to support your answer.
Speaking Task 1	Which one would you like to choose for your final project? ۱٫ Having a presentation ۲٫ Writing a paper ۳٫ Preparing a video
Speaking Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with this statement? We should help our friends only when they ask for help.
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ pioneering: original ۲٫ distinct: separate ۳٫ enable: allow ۴٫ restrict: limit ۵٫ surplus: excess ۶٫ stimulate: encourage	۷٫ lucrative: profitable ۸٫ elaborate: complex ۹٫ resemble: look like ۱۰٫ preserve: maintain ۱۱٫ conceivably: believably
Reading Topics	۱٫ Birdsong ۲٫ Economy of Rome ۳٫ Debates about Dinosaurs

Date:	May 27, 2017
Writing Task 2	Which one of the following values is the most important to share with a young child (ages 5 to 10)? Why? Being helpful to others Being honest Being well-organized Use specific examples and evidences to support your answer.
Speaking Task 1	Your friend has just moved to a new city and is nervous about making new friends. What advice would you give your friend?
Speaking Task 2	You have been very busy and unable to prepare for the exam tomorrow. You can either stay up late to study and sleep less or just study less and get full night’s sleep. Which will you choose?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ lucrative: profitable ۲٫ distinction: differences ۳٫ elaborate: complicated ۴٫ persuasively: convincingly ۵٫ allied: related ۶٫ compilations: collections ۷٫ dispersed: spread ۸٫ resultant: consequent	۹٫ parallels: matches ۱۰٫ profound: very strong ۱۱٫ shallow: having little depth ۱۲٫ recognized: accepted ۱۳٫ simultaneously: at the same time ۱۴٫ dismissed: rejected ۱۵٫ elevate: heighten
Reading Topics	۱٫ Venice: An Empire on the Sea ۲٫ The Print Revolution ۳٫ Effects of Plate Tectonics on Species

Date:	May 6, 2017
Writing Task 2	At some universities, students take part in making decisions about the issues that affect daily life of everyone on campus such as how many hours the libraries should be open each day or what kinds of food should be served in the cafeteria. But at some universities, experts are hired to make these decisions, and students are almost never involved. Which approach do you prefer and why?
Speaking Task 1	Describe a behavior that many people may do in public that you find inconsiderate.
Speaking Task 2	Many people think that students study course materials more effectively by taking exams while others think that students learn more effectively through doing other activities such as writing papers or completing projects; which do you think is more effective for students to learn?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ Relentless: without pause ۲٫ Encountered: came into contact with ۳٫ Mobilize: put into action ۴٫ Remarkable: impressive ۵٫ Properties: characteristics ۶٫ Substantially: significantly	۷٫ Allegedly: supposedly ۸٫ Apparent: obvious ۹٫ Ruled out: excluded ۱۰٫ Ideal: perfect ۱۱٫ Periodically: at regular intervals of time ۱۲٫ Elaborate: complex
Reading Topics	۱٫ Dynastic Egypt and the Nile River ۲٫ Electric lighting and the American Home ۳٫ Elephants’ use of infrasound

Date:	May 13, 2017
Writing Task 2	Which one of the following values is the most important to share with a young child(5-10 years old)? 1.being helpful ۲٫Being honest ۳٫Being well organized
Speaking Task 1	There is going to be a students’ TV show. Which show would you like to watch. Please Give your reasons. A. Interview school leaders B. Students’ debate on political and social topics C. Comedy about school life
Speaking Task 2	Some people want to change their appearance, even by surgery. Do you agree or disagree? Give your reasons.
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ uniform: constant ۲٫ considerably: greatly ۳٫ significance: importance ۴٫ roughly: approximately ۵٫ ingenious: clever ۶٫ feat: achievement ۷٫ bizarre: strange	۸٫ unpredictable: viable ۹٫ formulate: define ۱۰٫ invariably: always ۱۱٫ retained: kept ۱۲٫ alter: change ۱۳٫ integrated: combined ۱۴٫ hasten: speed up
Reading Topics	۱٫ Body Temperature ۲٫ The North Long-neck Turtle ۳٫ The Day Length and Reproductive Time in Animals ۴٫ The United States Interstate Highway System

Date:	May 6, 2017
Writing Task 2	Do you agree or disagree? It is impossible to always be completely honest with your friends.
Speaking Task 1	The university decides to remodel the dormitory and add a new space to it. Which space do you recommend to add in your dormitory? ۱٫ Cafe ۲٫ Study room ۳٫ Game room
Speaking Task 2	All people should be required to stop working and retire by age 65. Do you agree or disagree?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ Plentiful: abundant ۲٫ Emergence: development ۳٫ Routinely: often ۴٫ Distinctive: characteristic ۵٫ modify: change	۶٫ recover: to return to normal ۷٫ complex: complicated ۸٫ preeminent: main ۹٫ commonplace: usual ۱۰٫ endure: survive
Reading Topics	۱٫ Photography and Pictorial Weekly ۲٫ Effects of Predation on distribution of species ۳٫ The electricity system in the United States

Date:	April 23, 2017
Writing Task 2	Some young people are free in the evenings or have days off at school, which way can bring them the most benefit? ۱٫ To accumulate work experience by a part-time job or volunteering in a community ۲٫Learning to play a sport ۳٫ Learning to play a musical instrument
Speaking Task 1	Your friend wants to come to your country. What things do you suggest he do and not do to be polite and respectful?
Speaking Task 2	If you have more money, do you want to spend your money on objects like clothes and electronic devices or spend your money on experience?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ scrutiny: close observation ۲٫ scatter: distribute ۳٫ undoubted: uncertain ۴٫ furnished: equipped	۵٫ witness: experience ۶٫ exploit: use ۷٫ consist of: make up ۸٫ supplement: add to
Reading Topics	۱٫ Earth Atmosphere and the Ocean ۲٫ Roman Route ۳٫ Bat Diversity

Date:	April 15, 2017
Writing Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better to make friends with intelligent people than with the people who have a good sense of humor.
Speaking Task 1	Which of the following areas of current events do you most like to read about? Politics Sports Arts and films
Speaking Task 2	Some students prefer to study for exam at night. Other students prefer to study during the day. Which one do you prefer? Explain why.
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ Compacted: compressed together ۲٫ associated: related ۳٫ sensitive to: responsible for ۴٫ constructed: created ۵٫ Vacate: leave, empty ۶٫ Manipulate: handle	۷٫ Speculate: understand ۸٫ Exclusively: only ۹٫ robust: healthy ۱۰٫ optimal: ideal ۱۱٫ obstruction: impediment, barrier ۱۲٫ predominantly: mainly
Reading Topics	۱٫ Climate of the past ۲٫ Becoming Flightless ۳٫ Some qualities of a good trout stream

Date:	April 1, 2017
Writing Task 2	You have long been friends with someone. If they do something that you don’t like, should you still be friends with him or her?
Speaking Task 1	The university currently requires all the students to take the physical education course to graduate. Which of the following items will you choose? A. soccer B. dancing
Speaking Task 2	Imagine that you have been accepted by two different universities; one university is well-known for its excellent academic program, but it’s expensive while another is less well-known, but has offered you with scholarship to pay for your tuition fee. Which university would you prefer, explain why.
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ unprecedented: never seen before ۲٫ permanent: constant ۳٫ excessive= too many ۴٫ inadvertently = accidentally ۵٫ explicit= clearly stated ۶٫ suspicion = distrust ۷٫ experimenting with = trying to	۸٫ drastic= extreme ۹٫ acquired = obtained ۱۰٫ vacated = emptied ۱۱٫ counterpart= equivalent ۱۲٫ compelling = convincing ۱۳٫ essential = principal
Reading Topics	۱٫ Increasing Jellyfish population ۲٫ The Importance of Mail Service in the Early United States ۳٫ The Green Revolution

Date:	March 11, 2017
Writing Task 2	Do you agree or disagree? It is better to relax through watching a film and reading a book than doing physical exercises?
Speaking Task 1	Things always change in an unexpected way. Please describe a thing you have recently done that, ten years ago, you never imagined you would do.
Speaking Task 2	You live in a crowded city with only one green space-the city park. The government recently proposes to build a housing complex on this only green space. Do you think this is a good idea?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ culmination: high point ۲٫ controversy: disagreement ۳٫ anonymous: unidentified ۴٫ exhibit: display ۵٫ distinctive: characteristic ۶٫ respective: in the order presented	۷٫ decisive: determining ۸٫ appreciation: understanding ۹٫ exercised: applied ۱۰٫ emergence: rise ۱۱٫ Tactic: strategy ۱۲٫ thus: consequently
Reading Topics	۱٫ Homer and Oral Poetry ۲٫ Food-Storing strategies of Squirrels ۳٫ Newspapers in Western Europe

Date:	March 4, 2017
Writing Task 2	Nowadays, many movies or films are based on books. Some people prefer to read the original book before they watch the movie, other prefer to watch the movie before reading the book. Which one do you prefer?
Speaking Task 1	Recall an argument that you have ever had with others and describe the details of the conflict.
Speaking Task 2	If you are to choose between 2 apartments to live in next semester; one apartment is near the campus but slightly expensive, the other is a little far from the campus but cheaper, which one do you prefer and why?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ Unpromising: unfavorable ۲٫ Oblige: force ۳٫ Extend: expand ۴٫ Diffusion: spread	۵٫ Exhibit: show ۶٫ Inhospitable: unreceptive ۷٫ Consistent: doesn’t change significantly
Reading Topics	۱٫ Industrial Demand in the 18th Century Europe ۲٫ How Bristle-cone Pine Tree Are Able to Survive ۳٫ Sumerian Contribution

Date:	February 26, 2017
Writing Task 2	Do you agree or disagree? Rather than help children with their schoolwork, parents should encourage their children do their work independently.
Speaking Task 1	Student are asked to write a final project about the famous historical city where you live. Which way do you choose? 1 video the famous buildings ۲ visit the old people ۳ Research and write a paper
Speaking Task 2	Some students think that they should be graded by participating in the discussion class while others think that they should be graded only by their written work such as papers. Which opinion would you prefer and give your reasons.
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ Maintaining: Keeping ۲٫ Identifiable: Recognizable ۳٫ Attest: Confirm ۴٫ Ingestion: Swallowing ۵٫ Unintentionally: Accidentally ۶٫ Comprehensive: Complete	۷٫ Inherent: Built-in ۸٫ Fluid: Liquid ۹٫ Interpret: Understand ۱۰٫ Copious: Abundant ۱۱٫ Assertion: Claim
Reading Topics	۱٫ Prey fish ۲٫ The Fossil Record ۳٫ When did Human First Colonize America?

Date:	February 25, 2017
Writing Task 2	Do you agree or disagree? The way people dresses is a good indication of his or her personality or character.
Speaking Task 1	Your friend will move to a school and worried about making new friends there. What kind of advice will you give him to help him make new friend in the new school? Why?
Speaking Task 2	Many people prefer to read books in electronic format on a computer screen or other devices. Some other people prefer to read books on paper printed copies. Which way do you prefer? Why?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ verifying: confirming ۲٫ ascend: go up ۳٫ converge on: meet at ۴٫ vanishes: disappears ۵٫ features: aspects ۶٫ unrivaled-unequaled	۷٫ mere: only ۸٫ verging: bordering ۹٫ admirably: very well ۱۰٫ durable: long-lasting ۱۱٫ continuously: constantly
Reading Topics	۱٫ The Chaco Roads ۲٫ Essentials of Chinese Arts ۳٫ Iron and Steel in The United Sates in Nineteenth Century

Date:	February 18, 2017
Writing Task 2	Sometimes we are assigned to work in a group on a project. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The group will be helped more by person who will be willing to do what other group members want than by person who often strongly insists that things should be done in a way that is different from what the group wants to do.
Speaking Task 1	Which of following aspects do you think contributes most to country’s success ۱٫ Many business opportunities ۲٫ Well-rounded medical care system ۳٫ A developed educational system
Speaking Task 2	Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? With the popularity of the technology that focuses on entertainment, people read fewer books than before.
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ Distinctive= unique ۲٫ Isolated= separated ۳٫ Allied= related ۴٫ Compilation =collection ۵٫ Dispersed= widespread	۶٫ Annul=yearly ۷٫ Herbivores= animals which eat grass ۸٫ Subsequent= following ۹٫ Vulnerable = unprotected
Reading Topics	۱٫ Agricultural Revolution ۲٫ Printing Revolution ۳٫ Evolution of Grassland and Herbivores

Date:	January 14, 2017
Writing Task 2	Students of a university have a long break between university semesters; the university requires all students to do one of the following for one month during the break: ۱٫ Students must take a course on the subject that has no direct connection to their majors of study (For example, a student majoring in engineering may take course in fine arts or social science.) ۲٫ Students must volunteer to work in the university’s city or their hometowns to improve some aspects of life of the city or their own town. (For example, students may help local primary school children with their homework.) Which one do you think is more beneficial for students in their university? Why? Give detailed examples and reasons. Use your OWN words, do NOT use memorized examples.
Speaking Task 1	You will need to accomplish an assignment to do a presentation. Which will you choose? ۱٫ Act out a scene from a play(with a partner) ۲٫ Explain your review of a novel you recently you read ۳٫ Read a selection of poem
Speaking Task 2	Someone choose to work in a small company or organization with a few workers. Others prefer to work in a large company or organization with thousands of employees. Which do you think is better?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ faithfully=accurately ۲٫ admiration for=high opinion of ۳٫ perceived=seen ۴٫ fragile=delicate ۵٫ garment= clothing ۶٫ thus=in this way	۷٫ install=put in place ۸٫ promoting=developing ۹٫ obtained=gathered ۱۰٫ are preserved=are buried ۱۱٫ a wealth of data=a lot of information ۱۲٫ encompass=include
Reading Topics	۱٫ Naturalism and Nature in Art ۲٫ Cotton Ginning and Interchangeable Parts: The legacy of Eli Whitney ۳٫ Climate in Triassic and Jurassic

Date:	January 7, 2017
Writing Task 2	You are helping to select a leader for a student organization or a group. Do you think a person’s honesty is the most important characteristic for being a leader?
Speaking Task 1	The university wants to provide students more entertainments and three choices are provided below; which do you prefer and why? a. A theater performance by the student actors b. A concert provided by a professional musician c. A lecture by a professor
Speaking Task 2	Friends may disagree with each other, and still maintain friendship. Do you agree with or disagree with this idea, why?
Reading Vocabulary	۱٫ properties = characteristics ۲٫ substantially = significantly ۳٫ allegedly = supposedly ۴٫ apparent = obvious ۵٫ occasionally = sometimes ۶٫ drastically = extremely	۷٫ segregated = separated ۸٫ leftover = remains ۹٫ ensured = guaranteed ۱۰٫ match = agree with ۱۱٫ rival = competing
Reading Topics	۱٫ Electric Lighting and the American Homes ۲٫ Extinction of the Mammoths ۳٫ Beginning of the Planet Formation

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